Body Mass Index at Accession and Incident Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in US Army Soldiers, 2001–2011

نویسندگان

  • Adela Hruby
  • Lakmini Bulathsinhala
  • Craig J. McKinnon
  • Owen T. Hill
  • Scott J. Montain
  • Andrew J. Young
  • Tracey J. Smith
چکیده

Individuals entering US Army service are generally young and healthy, but many are overweight, which may impact cardiometabolic risk despite physical activity and fitness requirements. This analysis examines the association between Soldiers' BMI at accession and incident cardiometabolic risk factors (CRF) using longitudinal data from 731,014 Soldiers (17.0% female; age: 21.6 [3.9] years; BMI: 24.7 [3.8] kg/m2) who were assessed at Army accession, 2001-2011. CRF were defined as incident diagnoses through 2011, by ICD-9 code, of metabolic syndrome, glucose/insulin disorder, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or overweight/obesity (in those not initially overweight/obese). Multivariable-adjusted proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) between BMI categories at accession and CRF. Initially underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m2) were 2.4% of Soldiers, 53.5% were normal weight (18.5-<25), 34.2% were overweight (25-<30), and 10.0% were obese (≥30). Mean age range at CRF diagnosis was 24-29 years old, with generally low CRF incidence: 228 with metabolic syndrome, 3,880 with a glucose/insulin disorder, 26,373 with hypertension, and 13,404 with dyslipidemia. Of the Soldiers who were not overweight or obese at accession, 5,361 were eventually diagnosed as overweight or obese. Relative to Soldiers who were normal weight at accession, those who were overweight or obese, respectively, had significantly higher risk of developing each CRF after multivariable adjustment (HR [95% CI]: metabolic syndrome: 4.13 [2.87-5.94], 13.36 [9.00-19.83]; glucose/insulin disorder: 1.39 [1.30-1.50], 2.76 [2.52-3.04]; hypertension: 1.85 [1.80-1.90], 3.31 [3.20-3.42]; dyslipidemia: 1.81 [1.75-1.89], 3.19 [3.04-3.35]). Risk of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and overweight/obesity in initially underweight Soldiers was 40%, 31%, and 79% lower, respectively, versus normal-weight Soldiers. BMI in early adulthood has important implications for cardiometabolic health, even within young, physically active populations.

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Body mass index, medical qualification status, and discharge during the first year of US Army service.

BACKGROUND The high prevalence of overweight and obesity in military recruits and in the US population as a whole necessitates understanding the health effects of body composition and associated morbidity. OBJECTIVE In this study, we examined the effect of body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) and medical status on premature discharge from the US Army in a large cohort of first-time-enlisted, act...

متن کامل

Effect of pre-accession physical fitness on training injuries among US Army recruits.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of pre-accession physical fitness, as measured by a five-minute step test, with incidence of overuse injuries and outpatient healthcare utilization among male United States (US) Army recruits. PARTICIPANTS US Army male trainees who met weight standards and took a pre-accession fitness test. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, incidence and outpati...

متن کامل

Association between Liver Function Indices and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors with Neck Circumference and Body Shape Index A in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in the Educational-clinical Centers of Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran, 20

Background and Objectives: Neck circumference and A body shape index are anthropometric indicators and the index of visceral obesity can predict initiation of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between the biochemical indicators of liver function and cardiometabolic risk factors with the highlighted anthropometric indicators in patients with type 2 d...

متن کامل

Risk factors for disability discharge in enlisted active duty Army soldiers.

BACKGROUND The rate of permanent disability retirement in U.S. Army soldiers and the prevalence of combat-related disabilities have significantly increased over time. Prior research on risk factors associated with disability retirement included soldiers retired prior to conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for disability discharge among soldiers enlisted in th...

متن کامل

Use of dietary supplements among active-duty US Army soldiers.

BACKGROUND US Army soldiers engage in strenuous activities and must maintain fitness and body weight to retain their jobs. Anecdotal reports suggest that the use of dietary supplements (DSs) by soldiers may reflect their unique occupational requirements and the complexity of their job and family responsibilities. OBJECTIVE We assessed the use of DSs by soldiers. DESIGN We conducted a survey...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 12  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2017